Basic AC TheoryAC GENERATIONAC GENERATIONAn understanding of how an AC generator develops an AC output will help thestudent analyze the AC power generation process.EO 1.1 DESCRIBE the construction and operation of a simpleAC generator.EO 1.2 EXPLAIN the development of a sine-wave output in anAC generator.The elementary AC generator (Figure 1) consists of a conductor, or loop of wire in a magneticfield that is produced by an electromagnet. The two ends of the loop are connected to slip rings,and they are in contact with two brushes. When the loop rotates it cuts magnetic lines of force,first in one direction and then the other.DevelopmentofaSine-WaveOutputFigure 1 Simple AC GeneratorAt the instant the loop is in the vertical position (Figure 2, 0o), the coil sides are moving parallelto the field and do not cut magnetic lines of force. In this instant, there is no voltage inducedin the loop. As the coil rotates in a counter-clockwise direction, the coil sides will cut themagnetic lines of force in opposite directions. The direction of the induced voltages depends onthe direction of movement of the coil.Rev. 0 Page 1 ES-07
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