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TABLE 1 Typical Ionized Impurities in Water
Principles of Ion Exchange

Chemistry Volume 2 of 2
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Principles of Water Treatment DOE-HDBK-1015/2-93 WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES Rev. 0 CH-04 Page 3 WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES One of the more common water treatment methods is the use of demineralizers and ion exchange.  This method will be discussed in this chapter. EO 1.2 DEFINE the following terms: a. Ion exchange e. Polymer b. Demineralize            f. Mixed-bed demineralizer c. Cation g. Affinity d. Anion h. Decontamination factor EO 1.3 DESCRIBE the following: a. Resin bead b. Cation resin c. Anion resin EO 1.4 DISCUSS the following factors of ion exchange: a. Relative affinity b. Decontamination factor EO 1.5 WRITE the reaction for removal of NaCl and CaSO  by a 4 mixed-bed ion exchanger such as one containing HOH resin. Principles of Ion Exchange Ion exchange is a process used extensively in nuclear facilities to control the purity and pH of water by removing undesirable ions and replacing them with acceptable ones.  Specifically, it is the exchange of ions between a solid substance (called a resin) and an aqueous solution (reactor coolant or makeup water).  Depending on the identity of the ions that a resin releases to the water, the process may result in purification of water or in control of the concentration of a particular ion in a solution.  An ion exchange is the reversible exchange of ions between a liquid and  a  solid.    This  process  is  generally  used  to  remove  undesirable  ions  from  a  liquid  and substitute acceptable ions from the solid (resin).   The devices in which ion exchange occurs are commonly called demineralizers.  This name is derived from the term demineralize, which means the process whereby impurities present in the incoming fluid (water) are removed by exchanging impure ions with H   and OH  ions, resulting + - in the formation of pure water.  H   and OH  are present on the sites of resin beads contained in + - the demineralizer tank or column.







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