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Figure 1   Reciprocating Air Compressor
Rotary  Compressors

Mechanical Science Volume 2 of 2
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Miscellaneous Mechanical Components DOE-HDBK-1018/2-93 AIR COMPRESSORS A section of a typical reciprocating single-stage, single-acting compressor cylinder is shown in Figure 2.   Inlet and discharge valves are located in the clearance space and connected through ports in the cylinder head to the inlet and discharge connections. During  the  suction  stroke  the  compressor  piston  starts  its  downward  stroke  and  the  air  under Figure 2   Single-Acting Air Compressor Cylinder pressure in the clearance space rapidly expands until the pressure falls below that on the opposite side of the inlet valve (Figures 2B and 2C).   This difference in pressure causes the inlet valve to open into the cylinder until the piston reaches the bottom of its stroke (Figure 2C). During the compression stroke the piston starts upward, compression begins, and at point D has reached the same pressure as the compressor intake.   The spring-loaded inlet valve then closes. As  the  piston  continues  upward,  air  is  compressed  until  the  pressure  in  the  cylinder  becomes great  enough  to  open  the  discharge  valve  against  the  pressure  of  the  valve  springs  and  the pressure of the discharge line (Figure 2E).  From this point, to the end of the stroke (Figures 2E and 2A), the air compressed within the cylinder is discharged at practically constant pressure. Rev. 0 ME-05 Page 3







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