Figure 5 Relationship Between Resistance, Reactance, and Impedance

Electrical Science Volume 3 of 4
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IMPEDANCE Basic AC Reactive Components where Z = impedance (W) R = resistance (W) X = net reactance (W) The relationship between resistance, reactance, and impedance is shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 Relationship Between Resistance, Reactance, and Impedance The current through a certain resistance is always in phase with the applied voltage. Resistance is shown on the zero axis. The current through an inductor lags applied voltage by 90°; inductive reactance is shown along the 90° axis. Current through a capacitor leads applied voltage by 90°; capacitive reactance is shown along the -90° axis. Net reactance in an AC circuit is the difference between inductive and capacitive reactance. Equation (8-7) is the mathematical representation for the calculation of net reactance when X_L is greater than X_C. X = X_L - X_C (8-7) where X = net reactance (W) X_L = inductive reactance (W) X_C = capacitive reactance (W) ES-08 Page 10 Rev. 0

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