Fluid Flow
BERNOULLI’S EQUATION
BERNOULLI’S EQUATION
Bernoulli’s equation is a special case of the general energy equation
that is probably the most widely-used tool for solving fluid flow
problems. It provides an easy way to relate the elevation head,
velocity head, and pressure head of a fluid. It is possible to modify
Bernoulli’s equation in a manner that accounts for head losses and
pump work.
EO 1.14
DESCRIBE the relationship between Bernoulli’s
equation and the First Law of Thermodynamics.
EO 1.15
DEFINE the term head with respect to its use in fluid
flow.
EO 1.16
EXPLAIN the energy conversions that take place in a
fluid system between the velocity, elevation, and
pressure heads as flow continues through a piping
system.
EO 1.17
Given the initial and final conditions of the system,
CALCULATE the unknown fluid properties using the
simplified Bernoulli equation.
EO 1.18
DESCRIBE the restrictions applied to Bernoulli’s
equation when presented in its simplest form.
EO 1.19
EXPLAIN how to extend the Bernoulli equation to
more general applications.
EO 1.20
RELATE Bernoulli’s principle to the operation of a
venturi.
General Energy Equation
The conservation of energy principle states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed.
This is equivalent to the First Law of Thermodynamics, which was used to develop the general
energy equation in the module on thermodynamics. Equation 3-8 is a statement of the general
energy equation for an open system.
Q + (U + PE + KE + PV)in =
W + (U + PE + KE + PV)out + (U + PE + KE + PV)stored
(3-8)
Rev. 0
Page 21
HT-03
