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Figure 4 Effective Value of Current
Voltage Calculations

Electrical Science Volume 3 of 4
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Basic AC Theory AC GENERATION ANALYSIS Example 2: The  peak  current  in  an  AC  circuit  is  10  amps.    What  is  the  average  value  of current in the circuit? Iav = 0.637 Imax Iav = 0.637 (10 amps) Iav = 6.37 amps Phase Angle Phase angle is the fraction of a cycle, in degrees, that has gone by since a voltage or current has passed through a given value.   The given value is normally zero.   Referring back to Figure 3, take point 1 as the starting point or zero phase.  The phase at Point 2 is 30°, Point 3 is 60°, Point 4 is 90°, and so on, until Point 13 where the phase is 360°, or zero.   A term more commonly used is phase difference.  The phase difference can be used to describe two different voltages that have the same frequency, which pass through zero values in the same direction at different times. In Figure 5, the angles along the axis indicate the phases of voltages e1  and e2  at any point in time.    At  120°,  e1  passes  through  the  zero  value,  which  is  60°  ahead  of  e2  (e2  equals  zero  at 180°).   The voltage e1 is said to lead e2 by 60 electrical degrees, or it can be said that e2 lags e1 by 60 electrical degrees. Figure 5   Phase Relationship Rev. 0 Page 7 ES-07







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