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THE PERIODIC TABLE
Periodic Table

Chemistry Volume 1 of 2
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Fundamentals of Chemistry DOE-HDBK-1015/1-93 THE PERIODIC TABLE Rev. 0        CH-01 Page 13 TABLE 3 (Cont.) Description of the Properties of the First Twenty Elements Lithium Li 3 6.939 Silvery white, soft metal, very reactive chemically, forms Li O and 2 LiCl readily. Beryllium Be 4 9.012 Grey metal, much harder than lithium, fairly reactive chemically, forms BeO and BeCl  easily. 2 Boron B 5 10.811 Yellow or brown non-metal, very hard element, not very reactive, but will form B O , and BCl 2 3 3 Carbon C 6 12.011 Black non-metal, brittle, non-reactive at room temperature. Forms CO  and CCl . 2 4 Nitrogen N 7 14.007 Colorless gas, not very reactive, will form N O  and NH . 2 5 3 Oxygen O 8 15.999 Colorless gas, moderately reactive,will combine with most elements, forms CO , MgO, etc. 2 Fluorine F 9 18.998 Green-yellow gas, extremely reactive, irritating to smell, forms NaF, MgF .2 Neon Ne 10 20.183 Colorless gas, very non-reactive chemically. Sodium Na 11 22.990 Silvery soft metal, very reactive chemically, forms Na O and NaCl. 2 Magnesium Mg 12 24.312 Silvery white metal, much harder than sodium.  Fairly reactive, forms MgO and MgCl .2 Aluminum Al 13 26.982 Silvery white metal, like magnesium but not as reactive.  Forms Al O  and AlCl . 2 3 3 Silicon Si 14 28.086 Gray, non-metallic, non-reactive at room temperature, forms SiO2 and SiCl .4 Phosphorus P 15 30.974 Black, red, violet, or yellow solid, low melting point, quite reactive, forms P O  and PCl . 2 5 3 Sulfur S 16 32.064 Yellow solid with low melting point.  Moderately reactive, combines with most elements, forms SO , MgS, etc. 2 Chlorine Cl 17 35.453 Greenish-yellow gas, extremely reactive, irritating to smell, forms NaCl, MgCl .2 Argon Ar 18 39.948 Colorless gas, very non-reactive chemically. Potassium K 19 39.102 Silver soft metal, very reactive chemically, forms K O and KCl. 2 Calcium Ca 20 40.080 Silver-white metal, much harder than potassium, fairly reactive, forms CaO and CaCl .2







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