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Stress-Strain Relationship Summary
Ultimate Tensile Strength

Material Science Volume 1 of 2
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES DOE-HDBK-1017/1-93 Properties of Metal PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Material  is  selected  for  various  applications  in  a  reactor  facility  based  on  its physical and chemical properties.   This chapter discusses the physical properties of material.  Appendix A contains a discussion on the compatibility of tritium with various materials. EO  1.14 DEFINE  the  following  terms: a. Strength b. Ultimate  tensile strength c. Yield  strength d. Ductility e. Malleability f. Toughness g. Hardness EO  1.15 IDENTIFY  how  slip  effects the  strength  of  a  metal. EO  1.16 DESCRIBE  the  effects on  ductility  caused  by: a. Temperature  changes b. Irradiation c. Cold  working EO  1.17 IDENTIFY   the   reactor   plant   application   for   which   high ductility  is desirable. Strength  is  the  ability  of  a  material  to  resist  deformation.    The  strength  of  a  component  is usually considered based on the maximum load that can be borne before failure is apparent.  If under simple tension the permanent deformation (plastic strain) that takes place in a component before failure, the load-carrying capacity, at the instant of final rupture, will probably be less than  the maximum load supported at a lower strain because the load is  being applied over a significantly smaller cross-sectional area.   Under simple compression, the load at fracture will be the maximum applicable over a significantly enlarged area compared with the cross-sectional area under no load. This obscurity can be overcome by utilizing a nominal stress figure for tension and shear.  This is  found  by dividing  the relevant  maximum load  by the  original area of  cross  section  of the component.  Thus, the strength of a material is the maximum nominal stress it can sustain.  The nominal stress is referred to in quoting the "strength" of a material and is always qualified by the type of stress, such as tensile strength, compressive strength, or shear strength. MS-02 Page 20 Rev. 0







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