DOE-HDBK-1015/2-93Principles of Water TreatmentDISSOLVED GASES, SUSPENDED SOLIDS, AND pH CONTROLRev. 0CH-04Page 27Dissolved Gases, Suspended Solids And pH Control Summary (Cont.)Dissolved gases are removed from reactor facility systems to limit corrosion byany one of the following methods or combinations of methods:Aeration - The spraying of the water to physically release the entrainedgasses, then venting the gas. Deaeration - The heating of the water to a slow boil, then vents the gasusually to a condenser so the moisture is not lost.Addition of scavengers - Examples are hydrogen, hydrazine, andmorpholine, the scavenger combines with the gas and removes itchemically.Channeling in an ion exchanger occurs when there is a direct flowpath for thewater that decreases the resin-water contact. Channeling may occur in the resinbed as a result of improper filling or malfunction of the inlet connection. Resins are susceptible to damage by overheating. Although a resin contains a verylarge number of exchange sites, the number is finite and the resin exchangecapability is eventually depleted. The first indication of depletion is breakthrough,which occurs when impurity ions begin to appear in the solution after it has passedthrough the resin. When the concentration of impurities is the same before and after the solutionpasses through the resin, the resin has reached a state of exhaustion.Suspended solids are removed by the use of mechanical filters. The two basiccategories of mechanical filters are gravity flow and pressure flow filters. Thepressure flow filters are more likely to be used because there are better controlcapabilities. Numerous materials are used as filter media and include sand,activated charcoal, anthracite, diatomaceous earth, and to some extent the resinin an ion exchanger
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