DIESEL ENGINESDOE-HDBK-1018/1-93Diesel Engine FundamentalsTheCylinderBlockThe cylinder block, as shown in Figure 4, is generally a single unit made from cast iron.In a liquid-cooled diesel, the block also provides the structure and rigid frame for theengine's cylinders, water coolant and oil passages, and support for the crankshaft andcamshaft bearings.Figure 4 The Cylinder BlockCrankcaseandOilPanThe crankcaseis usually located on the bottom of the cylinder block. The crankcase isdefined as the area around the crankshaft and crankshaft bearings. This area encloses therotating crankshaft and crankshaft counter weights and directs returning oil into the oilpan. The oil pan is located at the bottom of the crankcase as shown in Figure 2 andFigure 3. The oil pan collects and stores the engine's supply of lubricating oil. Largediesel engines may have the oil pan divided into several separate pans.CylinderSleeveorBoreDiesel engines use one of two types of cylinders. In one type, each cylinder is simplymachined or bored into the block casting, making the block and cylinders an integralpart. In the second type, a machined steel sleeve is pressed into the block casting to formthe cylinder. Figure 2 and Figure 3 provide examples of sleeved diesel engines. Witheither method, the cylinder sleeve or bore provides the engine with the cylindricalstructure needed to confine the combustion gasses and to act as a guide for the engine'spistons.ME-01Rev. 0Page 6
Integrated Publishing, Inc. - A (SDVOSB) Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business
