Energy, Work, and PowerENERGY AND WORKRev. 0Page 1CP-05ENERGY AND WORKEnergy is the measure of the ability to do work or cause a change. Work is ameasure of the amount of energy required to move an object.EO 1.1DEFINE the following terms:a.Energyb.Potential energyc.Kinetic energyd.WorkEO 1.2STATE the mathematical expression for:a.Potential energyb.Kinetic energyc.WorkEO 1.3For a mechanical system, CALCULATE energy, work, andpower.EnergyEnergyis defined as the measure of the ability to do work. Energy determines the capacity ofa system to perform work and may be stored in various forms. Some of the more basicmechanical systems involve the concepts of potential and kinetic energy. Both of these termswill be explained more fully later in this chapter. More advanced systems may include othertypes of energy such as chemical, electromagnetic, thermal, acoustic, and nuclear. A piledriverhammer performs work by virtue of its falling motion. Coal burned in a fossil-fueled powerplant is undergoing energy release by a chemical reaction. Fuel elements in a nuclear powerreactor produce energy by a nuclear reaction. For the purposes of this course, our discussionswill be limited to mechanical and thermal forms of energy (e.g., heat). It should be noted,however, that the principles involved with energy calculations are similar for all types of energy.Both thermal and mechanical energy can be separated into two categories, transient and stored.Transient energy is energy in motion, that is, energy being transferred from one place toanother. Stored energy is the energy contained within a substance or object. Both of thesecategories of energy will be discussed in this module.PotentialEnergyPotential energyis defined as the energy stored in an object because of its position. An exampleis the potential energy of an object above the surface of the earth in the earth's gravitationalfield. Potential energy also applies to energy due to separation of electrical charge and toenergy stored in a spring, in other words, energy due to position of any force field.
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