?CHEMICAL EQUATIONSDOE-HDBK-1015/1-93Fundamentals of ChemistryCH-01Rev. 0Page 38Example 2:Prepare 3 liters of a 2M NaOH solution.Solution:Calculate the amount of NaOH required to prepare the solution.a)b)substituting:Therefore, to prepare 3 liters of a 2M NaOH solution, 240 grams of NaOH must beweighed out and dissolved in water to make a volume of exactly 3 liters.NormalityThe normal concentration is another method for expressing the concentration of solutions.Normality(N) is defined as the number of equivalents of solute dissolved in one liter ofsolution.One equivalent of acid is the amount of acid necessary to give up one mole of hydrogen ionsin a chemical reaction. One equivalent of base is the amount of base that reacts with one moleof hydrogen ions. When expressing the concentrations of bases, normality refers to the numberof available hydroxyl ions. Because hydrogen and hydroxyl ions combine on a one-to-one basis,one OH is equivalent to one H ion.- +a)H Cl+Na OHNa Cl+H OH+ - + - + - + -AcidBaseSaltWaterb)H SO+2K OHK SO+2H OH2 4 2 4+ - + -AcidBaseSaltWater
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