FOUR BASIC ARITHMETIC OPERATIONSReview of Introductory MathematicsThe associative law for multiplication permitted multiplication of factors in any order. Indivision, this is not allowed.(a÷b) ÷ c a ÷ (b÷c)Example: (8÷4) ÷ 2 8 ÷ (4÷2)1 4When dividing two numbers, the divisor and dividend are lined up horizontally with the divisorto the left of the dividend. Division starts from the left of the dividend and the quotient iswritten on a line above the dividend.Example 1:Divide 347 by 5.Solution:Starting from the left of the dividend, the divisor is divided into the first digit or set ofdigits it divides into. In this case, 5 is divided into 34; the result is 6, which is placedabove the 4.This result (6) is then multiplied by the divisor, and the product is subtracted from theset of digits in the dividend first selected. 6 x 5 equals 30; 30 subtracted from 34 equals4.The next digit to the right in the dividend is then brought down, and the divisor is dividedinto this number. In this case, the 7 is brought down, and 5 is divided into 47; the resultis 9, which is placed above the 7.Again, this result is multiplied by the divisor, and the product is subtracted from the lastnumber used for division. 9 x 5 equals 45; 45 subtracted from 47 equals 2. This processis repeated until all of the digits in the dividend have been brought down. In this case,there are no more digits in the dividend. The result of the last subtraction is theremainder. The number placed above the dividend is the quotient. In this case, 347 ÷5 yields a quotient of 69 with a remainder of 2.MA-01 Page 14 Rev. 0
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