FOUR BASIC ARITHMETIC OPERATIONSReview of Introductory MathematicsExample 1:Multiply 432 by 8.Solution:432× 83,456In multiplying the multiplier in the units column to the multiplicand, 8 x 2 = 16. A 6 is placedunder the units column, and 1 ten is carried. Then, 8 x 3 = 24, plus the 1 carried over equals25.A 5 is placed under the tens column, and 2 hundreds are carried over. Next, 8 x 4 = 32, plus2 carried over, equals 34. A 4 is placed under the hundreds column and a 3 under the thousandscolumn.Example 2:What is the product of 176 x 59?Solution:176x 591584 Multiplication by 9880Multiplication by 5010384Start by multiplying the digit in the units place of the multiplier, 9 x 6 = 54. A 4 isplaced under the units column, and 5 tens are carried over.Next, 9 x 7 = 63, plus the 5 carried over, equals 68. An 8 is placed under the tenscolumn, and 6 hundreds are carried over. Then, 9 x 1 = 9, plus 6 carried over, equals 15.A 5 is placed under the hundreds column and a 1 under the thousands column.The digit in the tens place of the multiplier is multiplied now: 5 x 6 = 30. Since the 5in 59 is in the tens column, the zero is placed under the tens column, and 3 tens arecarried over. Next, 5 x 7 = 35, plus the 3 carried over, equals 38. An 8 is placed underthe hundreds column, and 3 hundreds are carried over.Then, 5 x 1 = 5, plus 3 carried over, equals 8. An 8 is placed under the thousandscolumn. The results of 176 multiplied by 9 and 50 are then added to give the finalproduct.MA-01 Page 12 Rev. 0
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