BONDINGDOE-HDBK-1017/1-93Structure of Metalsc.Metallic bond - In this type of bond, the atoms do not share or exchange electronsto bond together. Instead, many electrons (roughly one for each atom) are moreor less free to move throughout the metal, so that each electron can interact withmany of the fixed atoms.d.Molecular bond - When the electrons of neutral atoms spend more time in oneregion of their orbit, a temporary weak charge will exist. The molecule willweakly attract other molecules. This is sometimes called the van der Waals ormolecular bonds.e.Hydrogen bond - This bond is similar to the molecular bond and occurs due to theease with which hydrogen atoms are willing to give up an electron to atoms ofoxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen.Some examples of materials and their bonds are identified in Table 1.MaterialBondSodium chlorideIonicDiamondCovalentSodiumMetallicSolid H2MolecularIceHydrogen The type of bond not only determines how well a material is held together, but alsodetermines what microscopic properties the material possesses. Properties such as theability to conduct heat or electrical current are determined by the freedom of movementof electrons. This is dependent on the type of bonding present. Knowledge of themicroscopic structure of a material allows us to predict how that material will behaveunder certain conditions. Conversely, a material may be synthetically fabricated with agiven microscopic structure to yield properties desirable for certain engineeringapplications.MS-01Page 2Rev. 0
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